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THE ORIGIN OF VIANA EMBROIDERY
THE ORIGIN OF VIANA EMBROIDERY
The origin of Viana do Castelo Embroidery is closely linked to the work done in the region's costumes: "Vianesa Costume" or "Lavradeira Costume".
In our days we can find many and varied works
with Viana do Castelo Embroidery, such as napkins, towels,
bread bags, aprons, slippers, clothing, etc., however, all the embroidered
motifs originated in the regional costumes that were later transposed for these
works.
The "Lavradeira Costume" was totally created
by the peasants of some parishes near Viana do Castelo, it was they who
scratched, wove, worked and embroidered it.
The costumes all decorated with the embroideries made
by these women of the field, and that differ from parish to parish, are used in
days of festivals or fairs.
Within these embroideries we can distinguish some richer ones than others,
depending on the social class to which they refer.
The richest use "pearl" cotton, sometimes
sequined with beads, beads and beads.
The Viana do Castelo embroidery motifs
are based on the flora and fauna of the region, as well as the daily life of
the peasant women.
They are: hearts (outlined with flower feet, and based
on the metaphorical sense that the peasants give to the "love box"
for which they embroider a key), clover, ivy, strawberry, vine and oak leaves
(always stylized) (the cross of Christ embroidered with the cross stitch,
already used in the handkerchiefs), birds, angles (broken lines or curves
linking certain motifs), japoneas (flower stylization) (straight or curved lines
from which small leaves come out), vases (stylings of potted plants), wings
(small rings that finished the embroidery of old shirts), little buttons (small
collars embroidered with cord or full) , snails (small holes, also known as
eyelets), little ones (set of points thrown in a group of two, each group being
cut in half by a point thrown horizontally), murids (ant points imitating a
wall), closed chickens (small balls embroidered full), cracked yarns (broken
lines with right stitches), roses, bunches of grapes (bunches of grapes
stylized by a series of circles).
Peasant minhotas are women with an artistic
sensibility that allowed them, and still allows, to improvise original
compositions that reflect their own experiences. For this reason, it is easy to
find pieces where the Viana do Castelo Embroidery are also
used as a way of expressing love on blocks of genuine, poetic and artistic
inspiration.
The embroiderer, in his compositions, does not care
about the rigor of truth, that is, we can often find, for example, designs of
roses with vine leaves, but what matters is to obtain sets that please and are
harmonious.
CERTIFICATION OF THE VIANA DO CASTELO EMBROIDERY